A 2012 update of our Snapshot Series: network readiness. We are revisiting the extent to which countries in the Caribbean are leveraging ICT to improve their competitiveness.<\/em><\/p>\n
Although it is widely acknowledged that ICTs are a key driver of economic and social development, to varying degrees, many countries across the globe are not harnessing ICTs\u2019 potential to improve their competitiveness and realise a knowledge-based society. The World Economic Forum (WEF)<\/a> and INSEAD<\/a>, one of the world\u2019s top business schools, have been conducting annual network readiness assessments, and have recently released the Global Information Technology Report 2012<\/a>, which tracks the development of ICTs around the world.<\/p>\n
The assessment conducted by WEF\/INSEAD produces a Network Readiness Index (NRI), a quantitative result that measures \u201cthe degree to which economies across the world leverage ICT for enhanced competitiveness<\/em>\u201d (Source: WEF\/INSEAD<\/a>). In previous years, the NRI consisted of three sub-indices: an Environment Index; a Readiness Index; and a Usage Index. However for this year\u2019s exercise, the framework was refined to better align it with the following principles, and resulted in the introduction of an Impact Index, as shown in Table 1:<\/p>\n
Table 1: Description of the main indices that comprise the NRI (Source: WEF\/INSEAD)<\/p><\/div>\n
The maximum possible score for each sub-index is 7, and for each country (or economy) the four sub-indices are averaged to determine its NRI. This year\u2019s exercise included 147 countries, as opposed to 138 in 2011.<\/p>\n
In terms of absolute results, and with the exception of Haiti and Suriname, which were included for the first time this year, the NRIs for Barbados, the Dominican Republic, Guyana, Jamaica, Puerto Rico and Trinidad and Tobago, all improved since the 2011 results (Figure 1). The most significant improvements were recorded in Puerto Rico (+0.49) and Barbados (+0.31), whilst no change was reported in the Dominican Republic.<\/p>\n
Figure 1: NRI trends in select Caribbean countries from 2007 \u2013 2012 (Source: WEF\/INSEAD)<\/p><\/div>\n
Similar to last year\u2019s report, Barbados had the highest NRI of the entire sub-Caribbean group, and overall was ranked at 35th<\/sup> out of 147 countries. Again, it was the highest ranked country in Central and South America, and the third highest in the Americas (after the United States and Canada). Barbados was closely followed by Puerto Rico, ranked 36th<\/sup>; then Trinidad and Tobago, at 60; Jamaica, at 74; the Dominican Republic, at 87; Guyana, at 90; Suriname at 121; and finally Haiti, at 147 (see Table 2).<\/p>\n
Table 2: 2012 NRIs for the top 10 ranked countries and select Caribbean countries (Source: WEF\/INSEAD)<\/p><\/div>\n
Upon closer examination of the Caribbean\u2019s performance (Figure 2), it is highlighted that the majority of countries secured their highest score under the Readiness Index, which measures infrastructure and digital content; affordability of telecoms services; and skills. \u00a0With the exception of Barbados, most countries received their highest score for the affordability pillar, but are still struggling to strengthen their infrastructure and digital content accessibility, along with the availability and quality of education (including literacy) that they provide.<\/p>\n
Figure 2: Breakdown of the 2012 NRIs for select Caribbean countries into their constituent sub-indices (Source: WEF\/INSEAD)<\/p><\/div>\n
More importantly, Caribbean countries appear to be still challenged in creating enabling environments in which ICTs, and its related effects, can thrive. In keeping with the NRI, considerable weaknesses exist with regard to:<\/p>\n
In its report, WEF\/INSEAD was of the view that the Caribbean and Latin American regions have been lagging considerably in adopting ICT more broadly, and attributed the following reasons:<\/p>\n
these countries all exhibit an insufficient investment in developing their ICT infrastructure, a weak skill base in the population because of poor educational systems that hinder society\u2019s capacity to make an effective use of these technologies, and unfavorable business conditions that do not support the spur of entrepreneurship and innovation. Addressing these weaknesses will be crucial for improving the region\u2019s competitiveness and shifting its economies toward more knowledge-based activities. (Source: WEF\/INSEAD<\/a>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
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